The
naked eye cannot see microscopic bacteria, but they are all around us…in the
air, in water, on objects. Some bacteria cause no harm to humans. However, they
can become pathogens once they invade a normally sterile part of their host.
Microbial
pathogens cause certain disease by producing chemicals or inhibiting the normal
function of cells. Bacteria can use their special cell anatomy and chemical
components to protect themselves from the human body’s lines of defenses.
Bacteria have the ability to produce toxins. They can also attach themselves to
tissues while multiplying in number. Other bacteria can even overcome their
host’s defense system.
In
contrast to microbes’ simplicity, forming complex ecological interactions is
not burdensome. They can be involved in symbiotic relationships such as
parasitism, mutualism, commensalism, and even predation. In fact, some
bacterial species can kill and digest other microorganisms.
While there are numerous medicines and treatment available to combat these invisible invaders, they can mutate and develop strong antibiotic resistance. To doctors, scientists, and researchers, the battle against body pathogens is a never-ending process of evolution and change.
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